Doctorate

So, it's time to meet the third stage of higher education – doctoral studies. This form of training, purpose of training is obtaining the title of doctor of science. To obtain the degree of doctor of science of their profession it is necessary to strictly comply with the purpose of learning and eventually write a doctoral thesis and defend it.

The framework of the Bologna process called doctoral degree postgraduate education to get to where you can only graduate from a master's degree, the second stage of education. However, some countries can afford and for undergraduate study dentistry.

In CIS Countries the doctoral program typically come employees of scientific and pedagogical organizations by the age of 40, having a degree of candidate of science, various achievements in the field of their profession. Doctor of science must have deep theoretical knowledge and wide erudition, a creative approach to pedagogical and scientific research work.

Period of doctoral studies for full-time education does not exceed three years, by correspondence – 4 years. It is included in the experience of scientific and pedagogical work. Every year the doctoral student is provided a two-month vacation. At the time of doctoral studies for full-time the delay from army.

The doctoral student should attend scientific seminars in her Department, lab or Department. Each year he submits a report on implementation of individual plan of work on a doctoral thesis. If the doctoral candidate cannot cope with the implementation of the plan, it is deducted.

Training in doctoral studies is possible only once.

A document certifying the highest academic qualification is a diploma of doctor of science.

In Japan, the period of doctoral studies is 5-6 years. And in 2011 there appeared the possibility to obtain the degree of doctor of Sciences for the study of manga.

Doctorate gives the right to a degree and corresponding document of the state sample on a scientific degree (the diploma of the doctor of Sciences).

Doctoral students enrolled in doctoral programs within the assigned Ministry or Agency of control numbers, are trained free of charge (at the expense of the budget). If the doctoral student is enrolled in excess of target figures of reception, the training for him will be paid.

Those doctoral students who were enrolled within target figures of reception, the receive state grants. It is important to know that the scholarship is paid to doctoral student, from the date of its admission to the doctoral program, but not earlier than day of dismissal from the previous place of work.

Doctoral students are provided annual vacation for two months.

The period of training in the doctoral program should be counted in the experience of scientific and pedagogical and scientific work.

In the case of the implementation of the plan of dissertation work the doctoral student is entitled to a paid job.

Despite the fact that doctoral training involves the liberation of the student from his position, for him be all right at work, which he had before admission, including the right to return to his former place of work.

Students in the doctoral program are provided with free use of equipment, laboratories, educational-methodical offices, libraries. Doctoral students studying on a budgetary basis, receive the annual grant in the amount of two monthly grants.

If necessary, doctoral students have the right to travel, including in higher educational institutions and scientific centers of foreign countries, the right to participation in expeditions for work on selected topics of scientific research along with scientific and pedagogical workers of higher educational institutions and scientists of scientific research institutions (organizations).

If the illness of the doctoral student continues more than one month and there is appropriate medical certificate, the period of training is extended and the doctoral student shall be paid scholarship funds the scholarship Fund of the University or research organization.

Employees of enterprises, institutions and organizations doctorate gives the right to leave the workplace with pay of a duration of six months for the completion of dissertations on competition of a scientific degree of doctor of science

Ph. D. (Latin for 'doctor' is 'teacher') is the second highest academic degree awarded in Russia since 1934. However, doctors existed before the revolution. Russian universities have introduced this degree in 1803 by Decree of Alexander Or colleges. The right to confer this honorary title was then in Moscow, Dorpat, Kazan, Kharkov, and Vilna universities.

In modern Russia, the Ph. D. is awarded to candidates of Sciences, defended his doctoral thesis. The PhD candidate must be the author of scientific papers published in recommended by the VAK for scientific publications. As a publication can be submitted to the patents. The applicant must prepare a dissertation and send it (up to 3 months protection) members of the dissertation Council. At the time of protection shall be three Ph. D. – opponents of the applicant. After the defense, by secret ballot, the members of the Board will make a decision of award (deviation) of the highest degree. However, finally the second academic degree approved by the Higher attestation Commission (HAC).

In Russia, the Ph. D. may be awarded under 23 areas. Here are some of them: doctor of architecture, technical Sciences, psychological Sciences, philosophical Sciences, cultural studies, medical Sciences, political Sciences, etc.

To obtain the degree of doctor of science may participate in the competition for the professorship.

Besides Russia, the doctorate is awarded in some countries of the CIS. In Western countries such as the U.K., France, where the single-stage system of postgraduate education, the graduates after defense of the thesis receive the degree of doctor of philosophy. This degree corresponds to the Russian degree of candidate of Sciences. There is an agreement with France on mutual recognition of these degrees.

In Germany and Austria there is the title 'habilitering doctor', which resembles the degree of doctor of Sciences. However, this is not an academic degree and additional qualifications to the doctoral degree.