Moscow state University

Moscow state University is the first University in the Russian Federation. Based school was in 1755, thanks to the outstanding activities at all times of the scientist, writer and scientist Mikhail Lomonosov, who lived until 1765.

Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin wrote about the Russian and world science of the 18th century, Lomonosov joined all sectors of education. He was eager to learn the science from all sides, his soul was filled with faith in it.

In 1804, the University fell into place and was guided by a set of rules that was adopted in the same year. The University received autonomy, the rector and deans were elected from among the workers of the professors. The first rector was the history teacher Chebotarev. He also created the University Council, which discussed the issues of the University life, was created the printing press, which began to produce books for teaching students.

The invasion in 1812 in Russia of the Napoleonic army caused the students of the University of unprecedented Patriotic enthusiasm. Many joined the militia, and the work of University physicians was highlighted M. I. Kutuzov. During the stay of Napoleon's soldiers at Moscow University building almost completely burned down. Died library, archive, Museum, scientific equipment. The restoration of the University was a matter of the whole of Russian society. Scientific institutions, scientists, individuals gave the University money, books, antique manuscripts, natural science collections, instruments.

Only for the University library by 1815 was able to collect 7.5 million books. Despite the difficult situation of the University, professors and students since September 1, 1813, began. To the 20-th years of XIX century the number of students exceeded 500 people.

In the first half of the XIX century Moscow University played a leading role in the public life of Russia. His Pets were many members of the Decembrist organizations. The tradition of free-thinking continued student groups brothers Crete, N. P. Sungurov, V. G. Belinsky, A. I. Herzen and N. P. Ogarev, N. In. Stankevich. In the classrooms of the University of seething disputes of Westerners and Slavophiles about the ways of development of Russia. Public lectures and debates the head of the Westerners, the brilliant scholar and historian, T. N. Granovsky collected all the Moscow intelligentsia of the 1840-ies.

Were active and publishing activities of the University, which is not only limited to the printing of scientific works. The University press first published 'Sonnets' by A. Mitskevich, 'notes of a hunter' by Turgenev. Remembering the years of reaction in the reign of Nicholas I, Alexander Herzen wrote about the importance of University: 'the University Disgraced its influence grew: into it, as into a common reservoir, were joined by the young forces of Russia, from all sides, from all walks; in his halls, they were cleansed of prejudice, seized from the home, came to the same level, fraternized among themselves and again spread in all directions of Russia, in all its layers'.

After reviewing the submitted to I. I. Shuvalov, the project of a new educational institution Elizaveta Petrovna signed the 12 (25 new style) January 1755 (the Day of St. Tatyana Orthodox Church calendar), the decree on the Moscow University. Opening ceremony classes at the University was held in celebration of the anniversary of the coronation of Elizabeth on April 26 (may 7), 1755. Since these days are traditionally celebrated in the University student celebrations, dedicated to them the annual scientific conference 'Lomonosov readings' and the days of scientific creativity of students.

In accordance with the plan of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow University was established 3 faculties: philosophical, law and medicine. Their studies all students started at the faculty of philosophy, where he received fundamental training in natural Sciences and Humanities. Education can continue, with a focus on legal, medical, or on the same philosophical faculty. Unlike European universities, Moscow University was not a theological faculty, due to the presence in Russia of a special system of education for the training of Ministers of the Orthodox Church. The Professor lectured not only on recognized then the language of science — Latin, but in Russian.

University of Moscow stood out the democratic makeup of students and professors. This is largely determined widespread among students and teachers of advanced scientific and social ideas. Already in the preamble of the decree establishing the University in Moscow noted that it was created 'for the General education of commoners'. The University could do immigrants from different classes, with the exception of the serfs. M. V. Lomonosov pointed to the example of Western European universities, where it was done with the principle of the estate: 'the University is the student pochtenie who learned more; but whose son he is, has no needs.' During the second half of the eighteenth century from 26 Russian professors who were teaching, only three were from the nobility. Commoners were in the eighteenth century and most of the students. The most capable students to continue their education were sent to foreign universities, strengthening the contacts with world science.

Today, Moscow University is the largest classical University of Russia, which has more than 45 thousand people from all regions of the country (in various forms of education). At MSU 40 faculties (over the last 20 years created 21 faculty), 15 research institutes, about 750 faculties, departments and laboratories, Medical scientific-educational center, Research library, 4 museums, Botanical garden, Science Park, affiliates in Sevastopol, Tashkent, Astana, Baku, Dushanbe, Yerevan.

Federal law of 10 November 2009 n 259-FZ 'About the Moscow state University named after M. V. Lomonosov and St. Petersburg state University' the Moscow University has the right to independently establish educational standards and to issue diplomas of higher education's own style.

Board of Trustees MSU is headed by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin.

MSU provides training in its own unique educational 6 educational standards and can be implemented in two forms: integrated master's degree (standard period of study 4 years bachelor and 2 years masters) and graduate studies (standard period of studies is 6 years). A feature of the integrated master program is continuous training of students (for 6 years of education) in the selected direction, which is the guarantee of quality training in the chosen field. In the conditions of transition to two-level system of higher education admission plan in the budget, the graduate of Moscow state University allows you to continue training in a magistracy of all graduates of Moscow state University (bachelors), able and willing to continue education.

At MSU implemented 228 of the main educational programs of higher education (specialist's, bachelor's, master's), including 139 programs based on their own educational standards.